Antidiabetic Medications
Comprehensive Guide for Diabetes Management
1. Metformin
Use: First-line treatment for type 2 diabetes.
Mechanism: Reduces hepatic glucose production and improves insulin sensitivity.
Common Prescribers: Endocrinology, Medicine.
Examples: Glucophage.
2. Glimepiride
Use: Manages type 2 diabetes by increasing insulin release.
Mechanism: Sulfonylurea that stimulates pancreatic beta cells.
Common Prescribers: Endocrinology, Medicine.
Examples: Amaryl.
3. Sitagliptin
Use: Controls blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes.
Mechanism: DPP-4 inhibitor that increases incretin levels.
Common Prescribers: Endocrinology, Medicine.
Examples: Januvia.
4. Empagliflozin
Use: Lowers blood sugar in type 2 diabetes and reduces cardiovascular risk.
Mechanism: SGLT2 inhibitor that promotes glucose excretion through urine.
Common Prescribers: Endocrinology, Medicine.
Examples: Jardiance.
5. Insulin (Various types)
Use: Essential for type 1 diabetes and advanced type 2 diabetes management.
Mechanism: Regulates blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of glucose.
Common Prescribers: Endocrinology, Medicine.
Examples: Humalog, Lantus, Novolog.
6. Dapagliflozin
Use: Lowers blood glucose levels and reduces heart failure risk in type 2 diabetes.
Mechanism: SGLT2 inhibitor that promotes glucose excretion through urine.
Common Prescribers: Endocrinology, Medicine.
Examples: Farxiga.
7. Pioglitazone
Use: Improves insulin sensitivity and reduces blood glucose in type 2 diabetes.
Mechanism: Thiazolidinedione that targets PPAR-gamma to enhance insulin action.
Common Prescribers: Endocrinology, Medicine.
Examples: Actos.
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